Discuss the contention that rural spaces in the global north have Essay

Discuss the contention that rural spaces in the global north have become landscapes of consumption, rather than traditional landscapes of production - Essay Example duction thesis with reference to the concrete background of the wider changes taking place in the rural spaces of the global north in general and the countryside of the UK in particular. The means livelihood of the rural population in the developed world has substantially altered by the forces of globalisation and corresponding integration of the world economy. The migration of the urban workers who are however embedded in the urban lifestyles and cultures, to the rural areas is one of the primary factors that bring consumerist culture into the countryside. Cloke et.al asserts that â€Å"consumption demands are the driving force of change in the countryside and its rural economy† (Cloke et.al. 2006. p.125). Also, the market for rural amenity products has strengthened in an unprecedented manner along with the global intensification of the market network which is intensified by the free market policies of the governments in the Global North. Traditionally, agriculture has been the stronghold of the rural economy even in the advanced countries. Even in countries like the UK, agriculture and related businesses was the mainstay of the rural economy. However, the reality is that, historically speaking, rural economy was not constituted by agriculture alone as it is misconceived by many. A variety of economic functions had been taking place on the rural spaces for time immemorial. From 18th century onwards, Woods (2005) indicates that urban wealth and capital has been exported to rural areas, which is capable of altering the rural geography in a high pace. Landowners in the rural areas used to use their land for non-agricultural purposes such as hunting, entertainment and timber sale. The particularities of the World War II situation were the factors that laid heavy impact on the agricultural production in the rural areas. The amenity lobby too emerged following the profound changes brought about by World War II. The fact is that productive jobs have paved way for

Management of Hazardous Materials in a Dental Office Assignment

Management of Hazardous Materials in a Dental Office - Assignment Example Employers should provide for their employees in a dental office the necessary equipment to protect them from bloodborne pathogens. Such devices include syringes whose needle is shielded with a sheath after use and needles that can be drawn back into a syringe immediately after use to avoid pricking or exposure of extracted blood. Taps with constant running water should also be availed for use in cleaning eyes in case of exposure. Gloves are also a necessity as it is hazardous to handle blood with bare hands. An employee should also get a means to flush any secretions, saliva or mucous membranes in the case of exposure. Safe disposal of sharp objects is vital in preventing exposure to bloodborne pathogens among dental care workers. This safe disposal involves the use of sharp containers which are puncture-resistant. Such should be labeled correctly and placed out of reach of children and other patients. They should also be waterproof to prevent the flow of infected blood from them. The sharp containers should have an opening wide enough to allow easy placement of disposable sharp objects and should never be over-filled. Once full, it should be safely sealed and disposed of. MSDS is a document outline the safety and emergency procedure for workers in terms of handling a substance, its physical data, and storage requirements, how to dispose of it and how to act in case it spills. Such information safeguards workers against poor handling of hazardous substances and identifies the dangers of contact and contamination. MSDS can vary by country and supplier. A color code, combined with a 0 to 4 number rating, was developed to assist in compliance with OSHA communication standards in terms of identifying hazards.  

Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Berge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Berge - Essay Example The essay "Yves Saint Laurant and Pierre Bergà ©" discover Pierre Bergà © partnership with the famous designer and explores his role in success of the popular brand. Who was that unsung hero, and how did he come to meet St Laurent? Bergà © went so far as to pen his own account of the meteoric ascent from a mere inclusion in Dior’s stable to worldwide fashion phenomenon that was Yves St Laurent. In this account, he tells of his presence at St Laurent’s 1962 debut in Paris, writing an homage to the designer’s artistry. He understates his contribution, yet it is fully there: a subtle acknowledgment of the innumerable benefits that come from a long and stable association. A salute to the standing ovations that were to become part and parcel of these men’s careers. Bergà © was born into a middle class family where education and achievement were rewarded. His father was a sporting enthusiast on weekends, but an ordinary public servant who fulfilled ordinary tasks in the French tax office from Monday to Friday. His love of music definitely came from his mother, an amateur soprano, who understood the finer points of education and bequeathed her elegance and philosophies to her son. He went to Paris after his secondary education, probably without an inkling of what his future would bring. In 1958, Bergà © met Yves St Laurent. It was inevitable that the fashion ambience would have thrown them together. Paris has always been the kind of place that attracts the right kind of people to itself, and then of course to each other.

Management of Hazardous Materials in a Dental Office Assignment

Management of Hazardous Materials in a Dental Office - Assignment Example Employers should provide for their employees in a dental office the necessary equipment to protect them from bloodborne pathogens. Such devices include syringes whose needle is shielded with a sheath after use and needles that can be drawn back into a syringe immediately after use to avoid pricking or exposure of extracted blood. Taps with constant running water should also be availed for use in cleaning eyes in case of exposure. Gloves are also a necessity as it is hazardous to handle blood with bare hands. An employee should also get a means to flush any secretions, saliva or mucous membranes in the case of exposure. Safe disposal of sharp objects is vital in preventing exposure to bloodborne pathogens among dental care workers. This safe disposal involves the use of sharp containers which are puncture-resistant. Such should be labeled correctly and placed out of reach of children and other patients. They should also be waterproof to prevent the flow of infected blood from them. The sharp containers should have an opening wide enough to allow easy placement of disposable sharp objects and should never be over-filled. Once full, it should be safely sealed and disposed of. MSDS is a document outline the safety and emergency procedure for workers in terms of handling a substance, its physical data, and storage requirements, how to dispose of it and how to act in case it spills. Such information safeguards workers against poor handling of hazardous substances and identifies the dangers of contact and contamination. MSDS can vary by country and supplier. A color code, combined with a 0 to 4 number rating, was developed to assist in compliance with OSHA communication standards in terms of identifying hazards.  

Compare and contrast Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Compare and contrast - Assignment Example Shannon at this time is tired of leaving the traditional life and decides to America so that she can be free. Surprisingly she and Joseph escape away together with joseph disguising himself as her servant. Along the way, Shannon gets herself in trouble but Joseph comes to her rescue. They find jobs in a chicken processing plant and Joseph starts boxing making him somewhat a celebrity in the Irish town. Things however start going sour for the both of them and Shannon is even shot. Shannon’s father comes in search of her daughter and tries to separate them but in vain. In the end Joseph and Shannon, profess their love and go ahead to take away the land they had acquired together (Fandango 2013). Comparing and Contrasting When comparing the two main characters in this film: Joseph and Shannon, it is easy to see quite a number of similarities. For one both characters are extremely strong and hardheaded. Joseph’s strong character comes from his determination to avenge the de ath of his father. For this, he is capable of doing anything, even murder. He does not even hide the intentions he has such that his home village is supportive of his mission and cheerfully bid him farewell. Shannon on the other hand is similarly a strong, rebellious and headstrong. This character is brought out by the fact that she wants to be free of the traditional life at her home and wants to go and explore the world. She does not like being the perfect and well-mannered daughter her parents and the society wants her to be. Her strong character is evident by the way she shoots at Joseph when he invades their home trying to kill her father Daniel. Both Joseph and Shannon are strong enough to survive a hard life in Boston. Shannon tries to dance in order to get money while Joseph becomes a ring boxer to also make money. The owners of the home they had invaded shoot Shannon but Joseph attends to her until she gains her strength back. This shows that both characters faced their cha llenges head on despite of how cornered they were. While contrasting both characters it is easy to see that Joseph and Shannon are still different in their own way. For instance, once Shannon has set her mind to do something nothing can deter her and she is not easily swayed by anything. Conversely, from the film one can see that Joseph does not stick to what she has originally planned. One instance is when Joseph decides to seek revenge on the person who murdered his father but after he see’s Shannon, he is mesmerized by her strong character and somehow forgets his mission. In addition, while in Boston both Joseph and Shannon decide to work in order to acquire a piece of land but when Joseph is paid, he uses his money on expensive clothes so as to get Shannon’s admiration (Ebert 1992). This however does not sit well with Shannon who cannot believe Joseph is wasting the money on other things instead of saving for their daily upkeep. Shannon is a very goal oriented pers on and anyone who tries to mess around with her plans of being independent is not very welcome. Another aspect that can be contrasted is the setting of Shannon’s home and where she escapes to in search of a modern and free life. From the film, it is evident that despite Shannon calling home traditional and wanting to be free, while there she was well taken care of by her parents who were wealthy. This is unlike Oklahoma where on the

Curbing Examination Malpractices in Nigerian Educational Assessment Essay Example for Free

Curbing Examination Malpractices in Nigerian Educational Assessment Essay The paper examines the role or intervention of guidance and counseling in curbing examination malpractice in Nigerian educational assessment among all the stake holders in education industry. Counseling can be of much interventional assistance in bringing re-orientation of students, teachers, the school and the society. Also provides social, orientational and psychological counseling as an antidote for examination malpractice in Nigeria. Therefore, this paper dwells on concept of guidance and counseling, what examination malpractice is all about, and exposes the causes and an overview of background of examination malpractice in Nigeria is discussed. Similarly, the social effects of examination malpractice is discussed as it affects the political, moral, socio-economic of the nation and conclude with suggestion and solutions through counseling intervention so as to protect the validity and sanctity of examination in Nigeria All over the world examination is considered very important in educational system. By means of it, learners are formally measured and placements are made based on the results accrued from it. In Nigeria, education has been adopted as an instrument for meaningful national development. Therefore, government, communities, private organizations, and individuals have established educational institutions with a view to training the citizens for the development of the nation’s physical and human resources. In these institutions, teaching and guidance services are supposed to take place so that appropriate skills and knowledge can be acquired by the learners. Furthermore, machinery through which the extent of knowledge and skill acquisition is determined at each stage of learning has been set up. This is in form of examination which would be organized in order to evaluate, assess, place and test knowledge and skills. The outcome of the examination is used as a basis for decision making on the examinee’s ability. In view of the exceeding importance attached to examination at national and international levels, examinations are seen as an activity that should be executed well. Learners in Nigeria see examination as activities that should be successfully carried out if future is assured. Thus, there are many instances where there are tendencies to pass examination at all costs. These trends and phenomena really called for concerns from all Quarters including the professional guidance counselors. Educational Guidance as seenbyEncarta(2009),a process of helping students to achieve the self-understanding and self-direction necessary to make informed choices and move toward personal goals. Guidance focuses on the complete development of individual students through a series of services designed to maximize school learning, stimulate career development, and respond to the personal and social concerns that inhibit individual growth. Although guidance activities are usually associated with educational professionals known as counselors, educational guidance is actually a cooperative enterprise involving the participation of teachers, administrators, other educational specialists, and parents. Similarly, Egbule (2002) puts the concept of Guidance and Counseling as a helping service in the understanding of the factors or events that led to the conceptual evolution of it as a subject matter, a professional discipline and indeed a helping service. Meanwhile, he submitted further that it is these factors that are responsible for its popularization as helping service and subsequent use in resolving various educational, vocational and socio-personal problems of individual in the society. Some of the factors according to Egbule, (2002) include: * Traditional practices relating to advising * Civilization in modern society and problems associated with it * Development in the field of psychology and philosophy * Educational development * Socio-political developments * Different behavior problems of individuals that require counseling, among others. Ipaye, (1983) in Abdu, (2007) define guidance and counseling as a helping service that provides the atmosphere as well as the setting within a professional counselor can help a person (client) or a group of person in terms of resolving educational, vocational and personal-social problems. It is also the process of assisting the individuals acquire, get acquainted with and becoming aware of the opportunities in the personal, social, educational and vocational world. This is with a view to experiencing and exploring various interventional communication roles. No doubt, counseling has a long interventional role to play by virtue of its significant relevance in curbing examination malpractices in Nigerian educational society as the comprehensive services would bring about positive attitudinal change in individuals thus creating an opportunity to operate in an atmosphere free from corruption and tension. Administration of examination has generally been associated with the problem of cheating, otherwise known as examination malpractice. Examination malpractice has been defined in various ways. Imogie (2001) in Umar A and et al (2009) maintain that it involves wrong doing before, during or after an examination by candidates and sometimes invigilators, supervisors, typists, printer, or group whose actions give a candidate or group of candidates an undue advantage in an examination. It is also seen as an improper and dishonest act associated with examination with a view to obtaining unmerited advantage, while WAEC itself consider examination as any irregular behavior exhibited by candidates or anybody charge with the responsibility of conducting examination in or outside the examination hall, before, during or after examination. (WAEC, 2003) It could be deduced that examination malpractice is all round irregularities associated with the conduct of examination. Since human beings have always been conscious of human ability and efficiency in the area of appointments or promotions, examinations of different form or standard have been with mankind in the course of human evolution. Examination has along history in the world as reported by Pratt (1980) in Umar G, Mburza A, Bulama K, (2009) that examination malpractices was first noticed over 3000 years ago in the famous Chinese Civil Service and regulations which include death penalty for both the guilty students and examiners. Olowu, (2006) in Nnachi, (2009) added that from China, formal examination spread to different parts of the world. By the middle of the 19th century, competitive examinations were introduced in Britain and India for the selection of government officials. Corrupt practices in examination in Nigeria dated back to the pre-independence. According to various sources, the first publicly reported case of examination malpractices was in 1914, when the question papers of the Senior Cambridge Local Examination were reportedly seen by the candidates before the date of the examination. Since then, there have been incessant cases of irregularities reported on annual basis, the outstanding years were 1963, 1967, 1970, 1973, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1985, 1987, 1991, 1994 to 2003 (WAEC, 2004) the major features of the examination malpractices reported were: impersonation, smuggling in foreign materials, slot in, stealing, converting, collusion in examination hall, mass cheating, mass organized cheating, unlawful assistance from teachers and outsiders and insult on supervisors. This ugly phenomenon is inimical to academic and social development and it needs to be addressed drastically. The incidence of examination malpractices over the years has become so alarming in both public and private institutions despite various sanctions employed. Examination malpractices have in recent years remained one of the disturbing phenomenons in educational institutions in Nigeria. The trend which takes different dimensions and forms has become alarming especially in higher institution of learning. It is not limited to internal examination prepared by schools, colleges, polytechnics, and universities, but it has gone up to external examinations such as WAEC, NECO, UTME, NTI, NABTEB, and professional examinations. The situation became embarrassing to the nation that the Federal Military Government had to promulgate Decree20 to deal with it. Part of the provision of the Decree reads: Any person who fraudulently or with intent to cheat or secure any unfair advantage to himself or any person or in abuse of his office, produces, sells or buy, or otherwise deals with any question paper intended for the examination of persons at any examination or commit any of the offence specified in section 3 (27) (c) of this Decree, shall be guilty of an offence and on conviction be sentence to 21 years imprisonment. However, Examination Malpractices Act 33 of 1999 reversed the above Decree but stipulates punishment ranging from a fine of N50, 000 to N100, 000 and imprisonment for a term of 3-4 years with or without option of fine. It is regretful to note that this is a toothless bulldog as none of these penalties has been fully implemented, if at all they are implemented.

Nature of the leisure industry

Nature of the leisure industry 3.0 Introduction The nature of the leisure industry is constantly changing because of new innovations and economic trends. A good example of a new innovation would be air sports such as hand gliding and bungee jumping. Many developments from previous to current products such as the mp3 player and mobiles have increased in the amount of popularity and appeal. There are many reasons why there are so many changes in the leisure industry because the leisure industry in itself is an open market in which many people can and have developed in. Leisure providers are always planning for the future and how they are going to be successful, so in order to achieve their goals they attempt to create a new innovation or innovations for (mainly) the general public. If they were to be successful then results could vary from really high success to maybe just a moderate success. A good example of a successful innovation would be the iPod range because when mp3 players were just playing songs and nothing else the iPod franchise saw the opportunity to build and grow in that certain market and so are where they are today because of their innovations. A moderate successful innovation would be a product or service which is fairly popular and is showing some signs of growth. In order to get towards the high end market they must keep changing certain products or how a service is run. Some innovations are quite articulate whilst some are quite indispensable, this shows how the leisure industry is constantly changing; they are all aiming for that one product which will give them that extra advantage over other companies. It mainly depends on the social trends and economical state or balance. The nature of the leisure industry is very unpredictable because it can change in an instance and can either gain or lose appeal to any product. 3.1 Recent innovations Mobile phones are a main source for socializing amongst most people. It is a passive pursuit because we choose to receive a call or make a call in our own free time, meaning that we usually dont have any duties to pursue and respond to. Mobile phones have had many recent changes; mobile phones have had different innovations applied towards it ever since the early 1990s, when Dr. Eric Fossum and his team achieved the first steps of realizing the modern camera phone which we have today. Another example of changes in camera phone innovation is when new technology was applied to the already advanced technology. ‘first camera phones, as successfully marketed by J-Phone in Japan, used CCD sensors and not CMOS sensors, more than 90% of camera phones sold today use CMOS image sensor technology.(Wikipedia, 2007) The most noticeable changes in innovation have to be the Apple iPhone because it has practically started a revolution in phone design single handed. There have been numerous designs to match the iPhone but always have fell short, mainly because of the iPhone software. Many competitors have copied the design, the style and even some of the icons but they could not copy or replicate the Apples operating system. It is an internet device a phone and without having buttons. ‘Iphone turnover represents 18.5% of Apples sales. Up from 5.7% the previous year 57 million iphones and iPod touches sold in the last two years (txt4ever, 2009) The advantages in which the apple iPhone have on an average mobile phone are hefty. Such as, the iPhone includes stock chart, calendar, compass, maps, YouTube, weather, voice memos, iPod, world clocks, iTunes, notes, camera and App store as a normal default setting. Meaning that other mobiles can only include half of what the iPhone has to offer. In addition to revolutionizing phone designs the iPhone has already created a huge market for accessories, cases, docks, applications and much more. With its vast range and variety of applications it can be used by almost anyone. It has free wireless internet, video recording, safari, and mail. Many apps are based on general and social needs but can be utilized for active, passive and home based pursuits. For example the iphone have produced numerous cooking apps and timers to aid anyone who may need assistance in cooking. The iphone also offers a wide variety of games where you can even play online with other player from around the world. T his would go under as a home based leisure. The iphone isnt just for socializing and low energy activities it can also perform various high energy activities such as the Nike+ iPod app system. It can apparently time your goals, measure the distance travelled, workout how much calories were burnt and fix a timetable for your work out. It is described as a personal trainer without a personal trainer. Apple iPhone shows the importance of new innovations in technology. Many leisure facilities can have a huge advantage in terms of benefit and profit. If recreation facilities have a Wi-Fi zone such as in a cafe or a store than many iPhone and laptop users can connect directly with minimum trouble. The leisure facility would see increase in participation and social commuters in the facilities. Another example of recent innovations is the Wii Fit from the Nintendo franchise. It has revolutionised what we usually do in our homes, or even in recreational facilities. Its objective is to combine fun and fitness into one product; it can apparently change how you exercise, how you balance and even how you move. This new technology has changed the popularity and participation rates in local recreational facilities, for example yoga and fitness classes would see a distinctive decrease in participants most probably because of the new innovations produced. The advantages of owning one of these new innovations such as the Wii Fit can produce more advanced accurate readings of progress, it can estimate how many calories you might have put on or burned, no membership costs, uses a user interface system, wireless, Wii fit has a variety of games and exercise in which you can participate in and is generally easy to use. ‘The most popular sports/physical activities in NSW were: Walking (other than bushwalking) Aerobics/fitness Swimming Tennis Cycling Golf Running Bushwalking Soccer (outdoor) Yoga'(Government, 2009) Participation rates in sports/physical activities amongst different age groups ‘Participation decreases with age: 15 24 years 94.3% 25 34 years 85.2% 35 44 years 85.3% 45 54 years 80.4% 55 64 years 83.4% 65 years and over 70.7%'(Government, Participation in exercise, 2009) 3.2 Technology Reading books in our spare time used to be one of our leisure pursuits whether home-based or public. Recent innovations have lead normal reading to new technological heights. One example is the kindle where people can read their favourite books with just a few push of the buttons. The Kindle has the potential to store up to more than 300,000 books and can easily be accessed. The Kindle has many advantages as well as disadvantages. The advantages are: Its very useful for short and long range trips You can send any files via the kindle email Its portable and light You can read almost any book at any time You can get an on-line dictionary The disadvantages are: It has limited research abilities No internet connectivity abroad Limited memory expansion Battery is quite heavy Could be vulnerable to break Doesnt have the real feel of book (depends on personal tastes) There are many other advantages and disadvantages but what makes this product a success is because of its unique qualities. It has already shown progress in its growth in the USA, UK and Europe. The chart shows the increase in kindle users in a course of a month. (Steve, 2009) Kindle has created a new technological innovation where they relate to many people across the world. They have already partnered up with the apple in building a new Kindle app for the iPhone and iTunes. ‘On March 3, 2009, Amazon.com launched an application entitled Kindle for iPhone in the App Store for iPhone and iPod Touch owners to read Kindle content.'(Wikipedia, 2009 ) This image shows the Kindle Wi-Fi range and coverage. This shows that the Amazon kindle still has many more innovations impending ahead. (Switch31, 2009) There are other new technologies where it is mainly based on your leisure pursuits. Battlefield sports are a new innovation in combat entertainment. It uses digital technology called S.A.T.R which stands for small arms transmitter receiver. It has already had a convention in which it was very successful and has made many breakthroughs in the recent leisure attractions. S.A.T.R is the worlds first real time hit feedback which creates an impelling realistic like in game statistics. It also doesnt need a central computer system. Battlefield sports are build system where gamers can participate in combat missions for their measurable entertainment. Millions of games have been played across 34 countries where they all experienced unique battle missions. Battlefield sports have already won numerous awards such as the member of the year (2007) of the Australian technology showcase. Battlefield sports are dedicated to 100% quality in service, design and manufacturing. Battlefield sports are live meaning everything is in real time and active. It is also very versatile meaning it can be played indoors and outdoors. It offers exciting, satisfying and potentially profitable business opportunities on the planet. It isnt the same as regular gaming, where it is mainly home-based and less active. They also offer partnerships meaning they are still growing and are leading in new innovations in numerous ways (new systems, S.A.T.R, infra red lasers, inflatables etc). Battlefield sports have created a new innovation in which many people can benefit it greatly. It is mainly active and offers many health benefits and a new market in which businesses can evolve and excel. ‘The experts at Battlefield Sportsâ„ ¢ have created a unique business platform for anyone who wants to take advantage of business opportunities created by the dramatic cultural shifts in todays computer game environment'(Sports, 2009). â€Å"S*A*T*R is a huge step forward in combat entertainment,† explained Paul Diamond, UK Agent for Battlefield Sports. â€Å"Battlefield Sports spent two years developing this latest innovation in the leisure industry and now will showcase this breakthrough at Leisure Industry Week† (LIW, 2009) 3.3 Influences of the media The media has a large impact in influencing change, appeal and popularity of leisure activities because the media itself is very broad and diverse matter, meaning it can affect large amounts people across almost any region of any country.