The Many Meanings of Sweat

The Many Meanings of Sweat The Many Meanings of â€Å"Sweat† The Many Meanings of â€Å"Sweat† By Maeve Maddox Sweat is one of those Old English words that has dwindled in meaning since Anglo-Saxon times. Back in those sword-swinging times, sweat mean blood. By Middle English times sweat had acquired its modern meaning of â€Å"perspiration.† In addition to its current literal meaning, sweat enjoys a rich figurative life: sweat of one’s brow This expression comes from Genesis 3:19: In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. The expression has been used with a legal meaning in discussions of copyright law: â€Å"the effort expended in labor, and the value created thereby.† sweat equity value added to a house by means of the unpaid labor of owner or tenant. sweatshirt a collarless long-sleeved pullover made of cotton jersey with a smooth-finished face and a heavily napped back Merriam Webster sweat pants athletic pants made of the same fabric as a sweatshirt sweatband/sweat-band: can be either the band of leather or other material that forms the lining of a cap, or a band of terry cloth or other absorbent material worn around the head to absorb perspiration. sweat bee a bee attracted to the salt in human perspiration night sweats Excessive sweating during sleep. Medical term: Sleep hyperhidrosis sweat shop a small factory that does not conform to local standards of safety, sanitation, length of workday, or payment. sweat lodge an enclosed area heated by steam from water poured on hot stones; used especially by American Indians for spiritual and/or health purposes. sweater girl a model or actress who wears tight-fitting sweaters for publicity photos. The first â€Å"sweater girl† was Lana Turner. no sweat This idiom means â€Å"no problem.† â€Å"Can you fix this wretched computer for me?† â€Å"No sweat,† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive Interjections60 Synonyms for â€Å"Trip†25 Favorite Portmanteau Words

Mandatory Birth Control Welfare Requirement Debate Essay Example

Mandatory Birth Control Welfare Requirement Debate Essay Example Mandatory Birth Control Welfare Requirement Debate Paper Mandatory Birth Control Welfare Requirement Debate Paper The American welfare system began in the 1930s, during the Great Depression, to aid families with little or no income. The welfare system expanded over the following six decades. Allegations of welfare fraud and abuse increased proportionally. Some welfare recipients were staying unmarried, unemployed, or acquiring more children to manipulate the system and qualify for more aid (Welfareinfo.org, 2013). In 1996, President Bill Clinton signed a bill turning control of the welfare system over to the individual states. Thus, allowing states to choose their preferred mechanisms to modify the requirements and restrictions of welfare applicants and recipients to minimize the abuses. Both sides of the aisle have introduced bills to eliminate funding to chronic welfare abuses and preserve the limited welfare funds for families and individuals in genuine need of temporary financial assistance. Despite sounding like an oxymoron, political officials have the most appropriate career competency for understanding state laws and determining the better courses of action for preserving state tax revenues. On June 20, 2013, The US Congress led by Rep. Stephen Finchers (R-Tenn) put forth a bill that would require states to perform random drug tests on 20% of the people receiving benefits from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. The bill did not pass the Congress. Rep. Fincher intends to revise the bill and submit for a vote later. On February 2, 2009, the Obama administration revised the TANF program adding a requirement that welfare recipients must take an active role in searching for employment, and to remain employed when possible. Numerous other bills have been introduced in Congress over the years to address the issues of drug use, intentional unemployment, and fraud in state or federal subsidized programs. Adding children to a family already in welfare programs increases the amount of welfare payment and extends the amount of time a person can be unemployed and receive taxpayer funded welfare. Some welfare recipients have additional children simply as a way to profit from the system. The topic of this debate will be: Should individuals, enrolled in a government assistance programs, be required to be on birth control to receive benefits? This debate paper will begin with three arguments from the pro perspective, followed by three arguments from the con perspective. The merits of these debate arguments will be discussed, followed by a conclusion based on the team’s determination of the stronger set of arguments. Lastly, the weaker perspective will offer a rebuttal to the team’s conclusion. Pro Arguments Foster Child and Adoption Programs A person qualifies for welfare when he or she does not have the means, or ability to provide adequately for them self. Social service agencies will not place foster or adoptive children in economically unstable household to ensure the child’s needs are adequately met. As a ward of society and for the protection of unborn children, a welfare recipient should be required to be on birth control and meet the same standards required for adoptive or foster parents before mandatory birth control can be suspended. Doing this would mirror the social service guidelines already established, which ensure children’s need can be adequately met by their guardians, and also prevents additional burdens on the welfare system. Social Responsibilities and Constitutional Rights The Constitution holds an individuals rights to be inalienable. The Supreme Court has ruled that citizen rights are exercised only to the extent that they do not infringe on the rights of another. Therefore, irresponsible reproduction by welfare recipients infringes upon the rights of fellow Americans, by forcing them to support the reckless behavior of the welfare recipient. Further, welfare is an entitlement program, not a constitutional right. The government has numerous restrictions and requirement for social security, unemployment, education, and every other entitlement program. Those restrictions preserve the intent of the programs and reduce abuses. This requirement is simply asking potential mothers and fathers to take responsibility for their own actions. Having children should not be forbidden; however, temporarily restrictions while a potential mother or father is dependent upon taxpayer backed state assistance should be required. This should help eliminate many of the cases of welfare abuse by decoupling the desire to have children and the current financial incentive of welfare recipients to have more children. This creates a further incentive for seeking employment and self improvement of potential mothers or fathers wanting children and should reduce the amount of time a recipient stays in the welfare system. Universal Health care and contraception A person should be required to use birth control to receive government assistance if he or she is cannot to support and feed themselves and any children he or she already has. If this person refuses to participate in preventative measures for religious or other reasons then monetary assistance should eliminated if they were to have another pregnancy. The state should provide free contraception to them as part of their assistance. Free vasectomies to the men should be offered as part of this program. Con Arguments Religious conflict to birth control A person should not be forced to take birth control to receive assistance if he or she chooses not to. Many religious beliefs do not permit contraception to be used. The Catholic Church, for example, is one. If God wants a person to have a child, what right does the state or federal government have to override His will? Social Responsibilities and Constitutional Rights The Constitution of the United States of America gives the same rights and protections to all persons regardless of their employment or income status. The government has no authority to regulate when, why, or how often any person procreates. Requiring that welfare recipients submit to birth control to receive welfare benefits is a violation of that person’s constitutional rights. Such a draconian measure will harm families and promote suffering of innocent children who welfare recipients already have. For the government to cut off a citizen’s rightful assistance for the very natural and inalienable right of procreation is tyrannical and stands in stark contract to every principle that this great country was founded. Universal Health Care and Contraception Before an individuals reproductive rights are taken away, we must speak of global access to birth control. Does a welfare recipient pose a higher long-term risk, compared to a teenage mother? Focusing birth control mandates on citizens who are already struggling with hard times will not address the broader issues of decreasing the demands on the welfare system. Planned Parenthood, one of the largest sources of free and low-cost birth control, and has experienced countless budget cuts, year after year. These budget cuts make providing services to the neediest participants extremely difficult. What other services will need to be provided in the long term to young mothers. Better funding of family planning programs is a better use of tax payer dollars. Providing more funding to family planning clinics provides solutions to individuals who are actively seeking family planning rather than infringing on the rights stereotyped group who find themselves needing help, not oppression. Welfare Requirements Debate In an evaluation of the arguments presented, Team D has determined that the pro side of this debate presented stronger arguments. Several logic errors or fallacies were noted in the con arguments, which further weakened the strengths of the con side of the debate. There were two direct parallels between the pro and con arguments. One of the set of arguments is not directly paired, but did overlap with some relevance. The team determined at the con argument of religious belief is a fallacy, shifting the burden of proof. The con argument of universal health care addresses the religious argument without side stepping the issue. The team evaluation also determined the con argument is an argument from popularity. Further, the separation of church and state should not allow or require that state welfare policies cater to individual religious concerns. There are numerous legal precedents, such as Roe v Wade that establish government policy despite conflicting religious perspective. On the issue of constitutional rights, the team opinion again found the pro argument better reasoned. The most convincing aspects of the pro argument were welfare is an entitlement program, not a constitutional right, and entitlement programs can place restrictions. This was viewed as the pro side providing legal precedent. The con side is a statement of faulty comparison and does not provide any counterargument to pro side’s establishment of the legal precedent. The arguments of universal health care were also determined stronger on the pro side. While neither side had a particularly strong argument, the pro side did provide a rebuttal to the religious argument of the con side. The con argument is not substantive to the debate and is considered to be a red herring. The team concludes the pro side presented a strong case for each of the arguments. Since, welfare benefits are not constitutionally mandated, and individual’s rights to procreate freely are not protected under the Constitution. States should have the liberties to decide requirements that must be met to use welfare benefits, including use of mandatory birth control. Rebuttal The government has the responsibility to protect its citizen’s rights and responsibilities, not remove them. Regardless of whether welfare is an entitlement program or a right, the government does not have the authority to make family planning decisions for its citizens. Such actions would be a clear and blatant violation of constitutional rights. Imposing such requirements on welfare recipients is not simply a slippery slope, but an avalanche of issues that have not been discussed or evaluated by the proponents of mandatory birth control. What recourse will women have if they suffered any of the potential side effects of birth control such as decreased fertility, hormone regulation, depression, mood disorders? What happens to the people kicked off the welfare system? Are they left to starve? The moral wrongs of this requirement far outweigh any tax saving biased statisticians can produce. Abuses and fraud may exist in the welfare system, but mandatory birth control is not an effective approach to try to address that. The many who depend on the welfare system would be undeservedly punished for the crimes of a few that take advantage of it. Mandatory birth control is a one-size fits all approach, like using a nuclear bomb to swat flies. There are many other approaches that can and should be taken that can achieve the goal of reducing fraud and protecting the rights of families. Many mothers cannot work because the cost of childcare is greater than the income they can earn. Creating more affordable childcare programs would aid to get mothers in the workforce and off the welfare roles. Sick children cannot go to school or daycare, which means mothers cannot work and cannot earn money when their children are sick. Health care is prohibitively expensive. Affordable health care or access to universal health care would create healthier children and allow them to stay in school or daycare. This cycle of mothers having to leave work to stay at home with their sick children has been the very cause of many mothers losing steady employment and end up dependent on welfare. These are just a few of many alternatives that would create a positive impact on all parties involved and reduce dependence on the welfare system. There are better ways to preserve and protect the welfare system and families. For these reasons and many more, birth control should not be made as a mandatory part of receiving welfare benefits. References huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/04/ welfare-drug-testing-bill-congress_n_2806450.html

Journal from Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Journal from Reading - Essay Example It can also mean that the social worker, reviewing her clients’ affairs, comes to the conclusion that there is something structurally amiss at the workplace and that something must fundamentally change in the company’s organization if systematic absenteeism is to be further prevented. The aim is always to help clients to help themselves, to develop new prospects for the future or to simply accept a reality that is difficult to alter.† (p. 141) In order for a social worker to be successful in her career, her broad knowledge of various organizational and networking systems that provide support and services to their clients must be matched with her own vast understanding of how a person’s mind and emotions operate especially in times of crisis. Most of the time, counseling sessions are conducted with her client, or members of her client’s family. Here, the social worker’s communication skills are put to the test. â€Å"In conversations with the professional, clients speak out about their pains and sorrows, and about their hope and beliefs.† (Van Nijnatten, 2006, p.133) It becomes an avenue where both the social worker and the client brainstorm on ways to express these emotions so they construct new meanings and new perspectives. Coming from an objective frame of mind, the social worker helps the client distance himself to the concern at hand and explains that such overwhelming emotions that the cl ient is undergoing are normal and can cite cases of others who have survived through the same. Then ways to resolve the problem are discussed. In my current studies in Social Work, I realized that various clinical approaches have been developed by renowned psychologists and the social worker has a plethora of choices to use in a particular casework. One is the Task-Centered Model. In this model, the client is expected to carry out some tasks

Hearing, Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students' Satisfaction with On-line Essay

Hearing, Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students' Satisfaction with On-line Learning - Essay Example Not only can computer technology facilitate a broader range of educational activities to meet a variety of needs for students with mild learning disorders, but also adaptive technology now exists than can enable even those students with severe disabilities to become active learners in the classroom alongside their peers who do not have disabilities. (Hasselbring, 2000) Technological accommodations often involve the use of assistive devices to help a student to communicate or to produce work output e.g. modified keyboard, a computer with a visual display and touch screen or with voice synthesizer, braillers for blind students, greatly enlarged text on a computer screen for a student with partial sight, radio-frequency hearing aids for students with impaired hearing etc. Less sophisticated aids might include school-made communication boards for students without speech, or using symbol or picture card systems for communicating. Technology has also increased the mobility and independence of many students with severe physical disabilities. The specific needs of students with disabilities are usually identified in their individual education plans (IEPs). The IEP should be seen as the main source of advice of the types of differentiation needed by the students. (Westwood, 2003) Deaf and hard of hearing students have great difficulty with phonics as it is usually taught. However, when they learn lip reading, this has a phonic basis in the speaker. If regular students are initially taught to spell phonemically, and the deaf and hard of hearing lip reading students are taught to write what they see in the same phonemic spellings, the two groups of students can communicate in writing thereby making joint educational experiences possible to some extent. (Ives, 1997) American Sign Language (ASL), the language of the deaf is not simply a translation of American English into hand symbols. It is a totally different language, unique in the sense that enables

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Scale - Essay Example The main characteristic of globalization is enhanced free trade between countries, the easier passage of the capital between country's borders, an enormous increase in foreign direct investment. This increases efficiency, and this is one benefit that is readily identifiable. As a result, many countries in with open labor markets, growth for both small firms and multinational companies, can now access new markets across the world. Due to this effect in the economy, there has been increased transport and communication between nations and continents. When economy sells the same product worldwide due to the efficiency, an individual company can Purchase its raw materials in bulk, in the long run, saving the firm thousands of dollars per year (Loayza & Serven, 2010 p., 123). Due to these illustrations, it is quickly established that firms in the opened market tend to be more competitive and efficient. Since open labor markets assist in the maintenance costs down for companies. For instanc e, companies have been able to get rid of surplus workers. This can assist these companies to avoid being bankrupt and in the long run protect jobs. Arguably with globalization, it is becoming more and more essential for companies to remain competitive within any global economy. This is achievable through open labor market strategies (Dao & Dao, 2008 p., 151). Opening labor market benefits for economies and consumers. Consumers are able to enjoy a greater choice of foreign goods and services since they are offered for them to buy.

Blockbusters and Star Wars Essay Example for Free

Blockbusters and Star Wars Essay If one views the top grossing films of all time, it becomes easy to see that most of the films rely heavily on computer generated images, whether to enhance live action or the animation of popular animated features. Many cinematic experts cite the fact that blockbusters in the last thirty years have relied increasingly on special effects to the point that they overshadow the plot, which in essence becomes superfluous. However, this is hardly the case, and most blockbuster films feature plotlines and ideologies that date back to the earliest days of cinema when special effects were scarce. One of the most popular film franchises in history, Star Wars contains not only special effects that helped change movie making, but it also features a plot with many of the same elements as classic western films, including the ideological battle of good versus evil, the wild frontier, and archetypal characters. In the first few years of its existence, cinema was nothing more than a novelty that possessed little artistic value. The idea of moving images was more than enough to attract audiences, though like all novelties, the public would soon grow weary of the invention without the efforts of men like Edwin S. Porter. Undoubtedly, Porter can be said to be the creator of the first blockbuster in movie history, with 1903’s The Great Train Robbery. The film advanced filmmaking in many regards, as not only the first western, but also by incorporating action, violence, frontier humor, color, special effects, and a full-screen closeup of a bandit firing his pistol at the audience. While a short film featuring only one reel of action, it soon led to the proliferation of the nickelodeon as the most popular and commercially successful film of the pre-nickelodeon era, establishing the idea that film could be a commercially-viable medium. This realization that films could make money would eventually become the driving force behind the Hollywood film industry, and the conventions of the western would serve as the perfect template for plots to the present day. When the Hollywood studio system emerged in the 1910s and 1920s, films were produced much in the way of automobiles, with an assembly line mentality and factory-based production operations that allowed the studios to dominate the movie industry in the U. S. and abroad. The impact of the western formula on the success of film was apparent and by the mid-1920s, nearly half of Universal Studio’s annual output of feature films was westerns. After remaining the most profitable genre of film for decades, by the 1960s the western had peaked both as a viable Hollywood commodity and as a national myth to ease Americas rural-urban transformation, in part brought low by a combination of market saturation and generic exhaustion. However, many of its familiar conventions would find their way into the plots of some of the biggest blockbusters in history. Over seventy years after Porter’s blockbuster, George Lucas would also change the face of cinema, relying on the basic plot techniques developed through the evolution of the western. Stars Wars is credited as ushering in not only the era of dominating special effects, but also remains one of the highest grossing blockbusters of all time, with a worldwide box office take of $797,000,000, not to mention another few billion from its subsequent sequels and prequels. While Star Wars contains amazing artistry in the scale and scope of its special effects, its plot still relies on the simple conventions of the western film, which are designed to be accessible to all audiences. Often considered the first blockbuster to star one of cinema’s greatest icons, John Wayne, the film Stagecoach is an adult drama that had deep roots and moral lessons that helped make it a timeless classic, whose plot is about a group of strangers thrown together on a journey and put under stress so that the strengths and weaknesses of the character within them is revealed; this same basic formula has been seen in blockbuster films like Apollo 13 and the biggest blockbuster in history, Titanic. While both of these later films are heavy with special effects, they feature these proven plot techniques, much like Star Wars. The first time viewers see the heroic Luke Skywalker in Star Wars, it almost looks like a scene from a western. The classic desert landscape, the flat, expansive land and the big sky are all classic icons of the western genre. It is this vastness that is a key characteristic in Star Wars and westerns. Specific settings for westerns include lonely isolated forts, the isolated homestead, the jail, or small frontier towns that are forming at the edges of civilization. Luke, much like the young heroes of westerns, yearns only to get off the farm and lead a life of greater excitement. It is only when the Empire storms through and kills his family is he forced to become a man and take on the evil forces conspired against him. Usually, the central plot of the western film is the classic, simple goal of maintaining law and order on the frontier in a fast-paced action story: â€Å"It is normally rooted in archetypal conflict good vs. bad, virtue vs. evil, white hat vs. black hat Often the hero of a western meets his opposite double, a mirror of his own evil side that he has to destroy† (Dirks). For Luke, the good, his opposition is Darth Vader, the evil. This point is even illustrated by the color of the clothing they wear, as Luke dresses in white and Vader is decked out in ominous black. This element of good versus evil, or white hat versus black hat is a key to western films and make it easy for viewers to delineate between good characters and bad characters is traditionally easy in conventional western movies. There is little question as to who the good guys and bad guys are. And, this is even seen in Luke’s sister, Leia, who begins the movie wearing an all-white dress. The white clothing of Luke and Leia link them through their apparent goodness, even though it is not revealed until later that they are brother and sister. The only character that is seen in both white and black is Han Solo, who wears a white shirt with a black vest. Unlike Luke and Leia, Han has elements of mischief and is also an outlaw. The white shirt signifies his goodness, while the black vest hints of his less than admirable qualitieshis greed, selfishness, and willingness to deal with shady characters. When Han is introduced into the movie, he kills an alien within the first few minutes. According to author Stephen D. Greydanus, this scene is typical of western films: â€Å"The saloon shootouts, of course, come from that other great American mythology, the Western. (So does Han Solo’s general cowboy look and demeanor. ) By the 1970s, though, the Western no longer enjoyed the hold on the popular imagination it once had, though its influence has continued to be felt in films [like] Star Wars†. With all the element of classic westerns, including cowboy-type characters, evil villains, and a plot filled with action, it would only seem appropriate that Star Wars also possessed a classic theme, as many popular westerns do. However, Han’s goodness is finally known and he becomes one of the rebels’ greatest assets and is one of the movie’s best examples of a western style cowboy. While Star Wars could be considered a western set in space, it certainly possesses more elements and intricacies of plot than are given credit. While none of the conventions are new, they helped infuse the modern blockbuster with the spirit of old Hollywood, to very profitable results. A few true westerns have become blockbusters in the past thirty years, most notably Dances with Wolves, which grossed $424,200,000 worldwide, and featured many of the same elements as Star Wars, including good versus evil, the encroaching omnipresent technological power, and the perseverant hero. Ironically, Dances With Wolves even won the Academy Award for best film, beating out the film Goodfellas, which actually ended with an homage to Edwin S. Porter’s original western; it featured one of the most sinister mobsters in the movie shooting his gun directly at the audience at the end of the film, almost exactly duplicating the ending of Porter’s film. This just goes to show that regardless of what genre today’s Hollywood blockbusters fall under, the plot elements of the American western permeate most, from the simple battle of good versus evil to the ultimate victory enjoyed by the pure-hearted hero. Bibliography All-Time Worldwide Box office, Internet Movie Database, 2008, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://imdb. com/boxoffice/alltimegross? region=world-wide. Dirks, Tim, The Great Train Robbery (1903), The Greatest Films, 2008, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. filmsite. org/grea. html. Dirks, Tim, Western Films, The Greatest Films, 2008, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. filmsite. org/westernfilms. html. Eyman, Scott and Gianetti, Louis, Flashback: A Brief History of Film, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1991. Greydanus, Steven D. , An American Mythology: Why Star Wars Still Matters,† Decent Films Guide, 2007, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. decentfilms. com/sections/articles/starwars. html. Levy, Emanuel, Oscar History: Western GenreBest Picture, EmanuelLevy. com, 2008, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. emanuellevy. com/article. php? articleID=7193. Lucas, George. Star Wars. Hollywood, CA, Twentieth Century Fox, 1977. Schatz, Thomas, Cowboy Business, The New York Times, November 10, 2007, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. nytimes. com/2007/11/10/magazine/ 11schatz. html? _r=1ref=magazineoref=slogin. Schatz, Thomas, Studio System, Film Reference, 2007, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. filmreference. com/encyclopedia/Romantic-Comedy-Yugoslavia/Studio-System. html. Williamson, Ed, John Waynes First Blockbuster Movie, Epinions, 2002, retrieved 2 April 2008, http://www. epinions. com/content_75406675588.

Lady Macduff as a Foil for Lady Macbeth Essay -- essays research pape

Lady Macduff as a Foil for Lady Macbeth In many of Shakespeare’s plays, there is a major character, and a lesser character whose character traits directly contrast those of the major character. This literary device is called a foil. One example of this exists in the play Romeo and Juliet, in which Mercutrio foils Romeo’s character with his disdain for love and belief in man making his own destiny. Another example of foil exists in William Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. The character of Lady Macduff foils Lady Macbeth in her lack ambition, her genuine love of family life and her devotion to her husband. Although one only gets a brief glimpse at the life that Lady Macduff and her husband share, it is quite easy to assume just how different they are from the Macbeths. One example is simply fr...